Tuesday, October 13, 2009

AGREEMENT OF SUBJECT AND VERB

Verb adalah kata yang melukiskan action atau tindakan yang dilakukan oleh subject. Apabila verb dalam bentuk tunggal (singular) maka subject juga harus dalam bentuk tunggal; bilamana verb dalam bentuk jamak (plural) maka verb juga harus dalam bentuk jamak. Jika subject berupa orang pertama, kedua, atau ketiga, bentuk verb disesuaikan. Peersesuaian antara subject dan verb ini disebut agreement. Perhatikan contoh berikut:
1. The manager meets the visitor in his office.
2. The managers meet the visitors in their office.

Dalam kalimat pertama subject berupa orang ketiga tunggal manager diikuti verb untuk orang ketiga tunggal meets.
Dalam kalimat kedua subject berupa orang ketiga jamak managers diikuti verb orang ketiga jamak meet.

Penambahan akhiran –s/-es pada subject kalimat kedua diatas menunjukkan bahwa subject adalah kata benda jamak. Tidak adanya penambahan –s/-es pada subject kalimat pertama menunjukkan bahwa subject berupa sebuah kata benda tunggal.

Akhirnya yang berupa penambahan –s/-es pada verb menyatakan bahwa verb tersebut berbentuk tunggal. Verb yang tidak disertai penambahan –s/-es berbentuk jamak. Ketentuan ini hanya berlaku pada present tense verbs saja.
Singular pronouns berikut ini tergolong singular. Apabila menduduki posisi subject kalimat maka digunakan singular verb.

Anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, one, nobody, no one, each, either, neither, nothing.

Example:
1. Anyone is eligible to apply for the position.
2. Anything goes.
3. Everybody here plans to attend.
4. Each person here is expected to contribute
5. Many a satisfied consumer has passed through these doors

Choose the form of the verb that agrees with the subject.
1. Many people (exercise, exercises) everyday.
2. Several items (am, is, are) out of stock.
3. Neither model (am, is, are) very expensive
4. Everyone (try, tries) to help
5. The folders (was, were) lying on your desk.
6. Neither report (was, were) accurate.
7. One of those machine (cost, costs) about $500
8. The owners of the store (plan, plans) to remodel it.
9. Neither of the reports (include, includes) charts.
10. The result (has, have) been increased sales.

Monday, October 12, 2009

RECOGNISING SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES

Kalimat adalah sekelompok kata yang mengungkapkan pikiran atau informasi. Setiap kalimat terdiri atas dua unsur pokok: Subject dan Predicate.

Subject adalah bagian kalimat yang menyatakan apa atau siapa yang menjadi pokok pembicaraan kalimat.

Predicate adalah bagian kalimat yang mengungkapkan apa yang dilakukan oleh subject, atau apa yang terjadi atas subject. Subject berupa noun atau pronoun dalam bentuk tunggal atau jamak. Predicate berupa verb atau verb phrase.

In each of the following sentences, separate the subject and predicate with a slash (/).
Examples:
  • The employees/work in a business firm.
  • The target of business/is consumers
1. A business produces goods and services.
2. Individuals own the factors of production.
3. Business needs people as owners, managers, employees and consumers.
4. People need business for the production of goods and services.
5. A manager is responsible for operating the business.
6. A professional manager attempts to achieve the objective of the business.
7. Employees supply the skills and abilities.
8. They expect to receive a wage.
9. The consumers want better goods and services.
10. A business enterprise attempts to satisfy such business.
11. The human element is the core of business.
12. A consumer is a person or a business that purchase a product of as business.
13. The profit motive is the desire to make a profit as reward for taking risk.
14. Profit is total sales minus the cost of production.
15. A profit is not always gained.